As of 2024, California has nearly 15 million existing homes. Of that number, less than 5% are subsidized, deed restricted affordable homes.

California is currently building approximately 120,000 to 130,000 new homes per year. This falls significantly short of the 180,000 new homes annually needed to keep pace with population growth and household formation, as identified by the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD). Furthermore, to address the backlog from decades of underproduction, California would need to build 2.5 million to 3.5 million units by 2025—an average of 300,000–350,000 units annually.

Given current housing need and increasing construction costs across the state, it would likely cost more than $30,000,000 annually to produce enough affordable housing to meet demand.

The majority of new housing in California is concentrated in suburban and exurban areas and tends to consist of market rate single-family homes. However, urban areas like San Diego that have embraced measures to make it easier to build infill housing have seen an increase in multi-family developments. Infill development is growing, but remains limited due to regulatory barriers.

Unfortunately, regulatory barriers in California are a persistent problem preventing housing abundance. These include, but are not limited to:

1. Zoning rules and land use regulations: the vast majority of residentially zoned land in California allows only single-family housing, limiting higher-density developments like apartments and townhomes. Restrictions on density, parking requirements, and other regulations significantly drive up the cost of development.

2. Permitting and approval timelines: Lengthy and complex approval processes increase costs and create delays.

3. Community opposition (NIMBYism): Local opposition to higher-density projects often leads to downscaling or canceling of projects.

4. High construction costs: Labor, materials, and regulatory compliance costs in California are among the highest in the nation.

5. Fees: excessive impact fees on everything from parks to sewers often add tens of thousands of dollars in costs to projects per unit

6. Environmental review: while important for sustainability, the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) review process is sometimes used as a tool to delay or block projects.